Questioner: Sude Amini
Answer
According to narrations with valid document in most of Sunni books, these two titles have been two titles of Amir Al-Momenin (peace be upon him). However, the Sunni scientists have tried to narrate this virtue for other caliphs. We will refer to several narrations.
Maje Ghazvini, as one of Sunni Sehah Sete, from among Sunnis scientists, has narrated in the book ' 'Sonan ' ' with valid document
عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ قَالَ عَلِيٌّ أَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَأَخُو رَسُولِهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَنَا الصِّدِّيقُ الْأَكْبَرُ لَا يَقُولُهَا بَعْدِي إِلَّا كَذَّابٌ صَلَّيْتُ قَبْلَ النَّاسِ بِسَبْعِ سِنِينَ
Sonan Ibn Maje, v 1 p 44, Al-Badayat Al-Nahayat, v 3 p 26, Al-Mostadrak, Hakem Neishaburi, v 3 p 112, Tarikh Tabari, v 2 p 56, Al-Kamel Ibn Al-Athir, v 2 p 57, Faraed Al-Sematin , Hemavini, v 1 p 248, Al-Khasaes, Nesai, p 46, with the Document that all it`s narraters are authentic Tazkerat Al-Khavas, Ibn Jozi, p 108, and tens of other documents.
Ebad Bin Abdullah says ' ' Imam Ali (peace be upon him) said ' ' I am the person of God, and the brother of the messenger of God and Sedigh Akbar. No one will call himself Sedigh after me except liars. I prayed seven years earlier than others.
The researcher of the book ' ' Sonan ' ' of Ibn Maje has added
في الزوائد : هذا إسناد صحيح . رجاله ثقات . رواه الحاكم في المستدرك عن المنهال . وقال : صحيح على شرط الشيخين .
Busiri has narrated this narration in the book ' ' Zavaed ' ' ( Sonan of Ibn Maje) and has said ' ' its narration is valid and its narrators are reliable ' '. Hakem Neishaburi has narrated it and he has said ' ' this narration is valid and according to the conditions of Mosalam and Bokhari ' '.
2.Ibn Ghoteybe Dinuri has written in the book ' ' Al-Maaref ' '
عن معاذة بنت عبد الله العدوية سمعت علي بن أبي طالب على منبر البصرة وهو يقول أنا الصديق الأكبر آمنت قبل ان يؤمن أبو بكر وأسلمت قبل أن يسلم أبو بكر .
Al-Maaref, Ibn Ghatibe, p 169, Tahzib Al-Kamal, Al-Mazi, v 12 p 18-19, Al-Badayat Al-Nahayat, Ibn Kathir, v 7 p 370,... .
Maaze, the daughter of Abdullah, says that I heard from Ali Bin Abi Taleb (peace be upon him) that Umar was sermonizing in Basra and he said ' ' I am Sedigh Akbar and I believed in God before Abubakr believed in God and I became Muslim before Abubakr became Muslim.
3. Ibn Marduye Isfahani in the book ' ' Monagheb ' ', Fakhr Razie, Alusi, Abu Hayan and Jalal Al-Din Siuti in the book ' ' their interpretation ' ', Motaghi Hindi in the book ' ' Kenz Al-Emal ' ', Monavi in the book ' ' Feiz Al-Ghadir ' ' and …have narrated that the prophet ( peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) said
" الصديقون ثلاثة : حبيب النجار مؤمن آل ياسين ، وحزبيل مؤمن آل فرعون ، وعلي بن أبي طالب الثالث ، وهو أفضلهم .
Managheb Ali Ben Abi Taleb, va Ma Nazala Min Al-Quran Fi Ali, Abi Bakr Ahmad Ben Musa Ibn Mardevei Al-Asfahani, p 331, Al-Jame Al-Saghir, Jalal Al-Din Al-Siuti, v 2 p 115, Kanz Al-Emal, Al-Motaghi Al-Hendi, v 11 p 601, Feiz Al-Ghadir Sharh Al-Jame Al-Saghir, Al-Manavi, v 4 p 313, Tafsir Al-Razi, Al-Razi, v 27 p 57, Tafsir Al-Bahr Al-Mohit, Abi Hayan Al-Andolesi, v 7 p 442, Tafsir Al-Alusi, Alusi: v 16 p 145, Tarikh Medina Damascus, Ibn Asaker, v 42 p 43, v 42 p 313, Al-Managheb, Al-Movafagh Al-Kharazmi, p 310 ... .
Honest people include three persons: Habib Najar, the believer of Ale Yasin and Ali Bin Abi Taleb (peace be upon him) that is better than all.
If the title of Abubakr had been Sedigh, the prophet of the Islam should have reminded ' ' Al-Seighun Arbae ' ' instead of ' ' Al-Sedighun Arbae ' ' and he should have included Abubakr as well. Hence, calling Abubakr ' ' Sedigh ' ' is in contrast with Sedigh in three persons introduced by the prophet.
It is interesting that Jalal Al-Din Siuti, the Sunni famous interpreter and scholar, in the book ' ' Al-Dor Al-Mansur ' ' and Ghanduzi Hanafi in the book ' ' Yanaee Al-Mude ' ' have narrated this narration with little difference from the book ' ' the history ' ' of Bokhari in this way
وأخرج البخاري في تاريخه عن ابن عباس قال قال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم الصديقون ثلاثة حزقيل مؤمن آل فرعون وحبيب النجار صاحب آل ياسين وعلي بن أبي طالب .
If we refer to different inscriptions of the books ' ' small history ' ' and ' ' great history ' ' of Bokhari, we cannot find this narration in them. This is one of other tyrannizes that the enemies of Amir Momenan (peace be upon him) have committed for him and they have wanted to weaken the virtues of Amir Momenan ( peace be upon him) in the opinion of people. However, they are not aware that some scientist already narrated this matter.
The confession of Sunni scientists about the falsity of these two titles for Abubakr and Umar
On the other hand, most of Sunni scientists have claimed that these two titles are appropriate for Abubakr and Umar and its Hadith is faked. Ibn Juzi, the Sunni famous has written in the book Al-Mozuat ' '
عن أبى الدرداء عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال : «رأيت ليلة أسرى بى في العرش فرندة خضراء فيها مكتوب بنور أبيض : لا إله إلا الله محمد رسول الله أبو بكر الصديق عمر الفاروق».
Abi Darda narrates that the prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) said ' ' I saw in the night of Mirage that it had been written on a green with white light in the throne of God ' ' there is no God except single God and Hazrat Muhammad (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) is the messenger of God and Abubaker is Sedigh and Umar is Farugh ' '.
Then he has written about the criticism of the narration
هذا حديث لا يصحّ ، والمتّهم به عمر بن إسماعيل قال يحيى : ليس بشئ كذّاب ، دجال ، سوء ، خبيث ، وقال النسائي والدارقطني : متروك الحديث
Al-Mozuat, Ibn Jozi, v 1 p 327
This Hadith is not valid and only person that has been accused of it Umar Bin Ismaeil. Yahya Bin Moein has said about him ' ' his remark has no value and he is a liar and he is a malicious person. Nasaee and Dar GHatani have said ' ' his Hadith is false ' '.
He has also written
هذا باطل موضوع وعلى بن جميل كان يضع الحديث ... .
Al-Mozuat, Ibn Jozi, v 1 p 336
This narration is false and faked. Ali Bin Jamil distorted Hadiths.
He has also added
هذا حديث لا يصح عن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم . وأبو بكر الصوفى ومحمد بن مجيب كذابان ، قاله يحيى بن معين
Al-Mozuat, v 1 p 337
This Hadith from the messenger of God (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) is not valid because Abubakr Sufi and Muhammad Bin Mojib are both liars. Yahya Bin Moein has said this remark.
After narrating the narration, Heithami has written
رواه الطبراني وفيه على بن جميل الرقى وهو ضعيف .
Majma Al-Zavaed, Al-Heithami, v 9 p 58
Tabarani has narrated the narration and there is Ali Bin Jamil Raghi in its document and he is a weak narrator.
After narrating the narration, Motaghi Hindi has said
كر وفيه محمد بن عامر كذّاب
Kanz Al-Emal, v 13 p 236
Ibn Asaker has narrated it and Muhammad Bin Amer is a liar in its document.
After narrating two narrations, Ibn Haban has written about these two matters
وهذان خبران باطلان موضوعان لا شكّ فيه ، وله مثل هذا، أشياء كثيرة يطول الكتاب بذكرها .
Ketab Al-Majruhin, v 2 p 116
There is no question that these two narrations are false and faked. There are a lot of narrations like that. Mentioning all of them, our book will become long.
After narrating the narration, Ibn Hajar Asghalani and Shams Al-Din Zahabi say
هذا باطل ، والمتهم به حسين .
Mizan Al-Etedal, Zahabi, v 1 p 540, Lesan Al-Mizan, Ibn Hajar, v 2 p 295
This narration is false and its accused person is Hussein.
Ibn Kasir Dameshghi Selfi has written about this matter
فإنّه حديث ضعيف في إسناده من تكلم فيه ولا يخلو من نكارة ، والله أعلم .
Al-Badayat Al-Nahayat, v 7 p 230
This is a weak Hadith and the name of the person that has been said is in its document and his remark is deniable.
At first, the Sunni scientists called Umar Farugh
Muhammad Bin Sad in the book ' ' Al-Tabaghat Al-Kobra ' ', Ibn Asaker in the book ' ' the history of Medina and Damascus ' ' , Ibn Asir in the book ' ' ASad Al-Ghabe and Muhammad Bin Jarir Tabari in the book ' ' Tarikh ' ' have written
قال بن شهاب بلغنا أن أهل الكتاب كانوا أول من قال لعمر الفاروق وكان المسلمون يأثرون ذلك من قولهم ولم يبلغنا أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ذكر من ذلك شيئا .
Al-Tabaghat Al-Kobra, Muhammad Ben Sad, v 3 p 270, Tarikh Medina Damascus, Ibn Asaker, v 44 p 51, Tarikh Al-Tabari, Al-Tabari: v 3 p 267, Asad Al-Ghabat, Ibn Al-Athir, v 4 p 57
Ibn Shahab says ' ' we have been informed ' ' the Sunni scientists were the first persons that attributed the title ' ' Farugh ' ' to Umar. The Muslims became angry of their remark and no matter has been said to us from the prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants).
Ibn Kasir Dameshghi Selfi has written in the translation of Umar Bin Al-Khatab in the valid book ' ' Al-Bedaye Al-Nahaye ' '
عمر بن الخطاب بن نفيل بن عبد العزى ... أبو حفص العدوي ، الملقب بالفاروق قيل لقبه بذلك أهل الكتاب
Al-Badayat Al-Nahayat, Ibn Kathir, v 7 p 150
It has been said about Umar Bin Al-Khatab with the title ' ' Farugh ' ' ' ' the sunni scientists attributed this title to Umar ' '.
Consequently, the title ' ' Sedigh ' ' is for Amir Al-Momenin (peace be upon him) and whatever the Sunni scientists have narrated from the prophet (peace of Allah be upon him and his descendants) about Abubakr has been rumored by others as ' ' Farugh ' ' was the title of Amir Al-Momenin ( peace be upon him), but the Sunni scientists have attributed it to the second caliph.